A remote island in Alaska, often called the “Galapagos of the North,” is in a state of alarm over a possible rat sighting, a threat that could disrupt its fragile ecosystem. St. Paul Island, located in the Bering Sea and home to just 350 residents, has been on high alert since June after a resident reported seeing a rat, a creature that does not naturally exist on the island.
Protecting a unique ecosystem
St. Paul Island, part of the Pribilof Islands, is renowned for its diverse and thriving seabird population, making it a globally recognized birding destination. Any introduction of rats, which reproduce quickly and can devastate bird colonies by preying on eggs and chicks, could have catastrophic consequences.
“It’s the abundance of wildlife that makes St. Paul special. It’s something you seldom see in modern times,” said Donald Lyons, director of conservation science with the National Audubon Society’s Seabird Institute. “St. Paul is a place where you can truly witness the spectacle of nature.”
The threat of rats
Rats have been known to decimate seabird populations on other remote islands worldwide. They feast not only on bird eggs and chicks but, in some cases, even on adult birds. According to Lauren Divine, director of the Aleut Community of St. Paul Island’s ecosystem conservation office, the community is well aware of the stakes.
“We’ve seen this happen in Alaska and globally—rats decimate seabird colonies. This is not a threat the community takes lightly,” Divine told the Associated Press.
If rats establish a presence on the island, eradicating them could take millions of dollars and years of effort. The recovery of bird populations would take even longer, emphasizing the urgency of containing the threat.
An elusive search
Despite the initial report of a possible rat sighting in June, wildlife officials have yet to find any conclusive evidence of the rodent. For over three months, they’ve been scouring the island, setting up traps baited with peanut butter, deploying wax “chew blocks,” and installing trail cameras to catch any sign of the intruder. These chew blocks are designed to mark rat bites and create droppings that glow under black light, but so far, the traps have yielded no results.
Divine compared the search to “looking for a needle in a haystack when you don’t know if the needle even exists.”
St. Paul Island has long maintained strict rat control measures, including a border patrol system at its airport and waterfront areas, to prevent rodents from stowing away on planes or boats. However, in 2018, a rat managed to slip through these defenses and evaded capture for 10 months before it was found dead.
The island’s residents are now hoping this latest scare will end similarly, with no significant damage done to its pristine ecosystem.
The importance of continued vigilance
Though officials have yet to confirm the presence of the rat, the island community remains on high alert. The potential damage to its delicate environment and world-renowned bird populations keeps residents and conservationists alike committed to ensuring that St. Paul remains free of destructive rodents.
For now, the hunt continues, with officials hoping they can secure the island’s future before it’s too late.