Florida is grappling with a deadly outbreak of a rare ‘flesh-eating’ bacteria in the wake of two recent hurricanes. At least 13 people have died, and a record 74 cases of Vibrio vulnificus have been reported in the state this year, as heavy flooding has created ideal conditions for the bacteria to thrive.
Record rise in infections
According to local health authorities, the sharp increase in Vibrio vulnificus infections marks a significant jump from last year’s 46 cases and 11 deaths. The surge comes after Hurricanes Helene and Milton battered the state, causing severe flooding that mixed freshwater with seawater, creating a breeding ground for the bacteria.
Residents are still recovering from the devastation brought by the storms, which hit in September and early October, leaving the environment ripe for bacterial growth in coastal areas.
What is Vibrio vulnificus?
Vibrio vulnificus is a bacteria that thrives in warm, brackish seawater. It typically infects people through open wounds or if ingested via contaminated seafood. The bacteria can cause life-threatening infections, particularly in those with weakened immune systems or underlying health conditions such as liver disease.
While it is often referred to as a ‘flesh-eating’ bacteria, some experts believe the term is misleading because it does not infect healthy, intact skin. Instead, it enters the body through cuts, wounds, or abrasions.
Symptoms and health risks
Infection with Vibrio vulnificus can cause a range of symptoms. These include fever, redness, and severe skin and tissue damage, which can escalate to the point where amputation is necessary to prevent the spread of infection. The bacteria can also lead to other complications, such as watery diarrhea, stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting, chills, and dangerously low blood pressure. In severe cases, blistering skin lesions may develop.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that Vibrio vulnificus infections are rare, with around 150 to 200 cases occurring annually in the U.S. However, nearly 20% of infected individuals die, often within 48 hours of infection, highlighting the bacteria’s deadly potential.
Treatment and prevention
Prompt medical treatment is crucial for individuals exposed to floodwaters who experience symptoms associated with Vibrio vulnificus. Treatment typically involves antibiotics, but in severe cases, amputation may be required to halt the infection’s progression.
To prevent infection, health authorities recommend covering any open wounds or cuts when in contact with floodwaters and thoroughly washing any exposed skin. The Florida Health Department has issued a warning, urging residents to be cautious while floodwaters are present.
“While floodwaters are present, there is an increased risk of Vibrio infections, such as Vibrio vulnificus, which can be life-threatening,” the department noted in a public statement.
As Florida continues to recover from the hurricanes, the public is being urged to take the necessary precautions to avoid exposure to this dangerous bacteria.