Asteroid 2024 PT5 departs after a two-month orbit, set to return in January
Earth has said goodbye to a rare guest, an asteroid dubbed as a “mini-moon,” which orbited our planet for two months before being drawn away by the Sun’s gravity.
Known as Asteroid 2024 PT5, this small celestial body was first detected by NASA in August. Despite coming as close as 3.5 million kilometers (2.2 million miles) to Earth, it was not visible to the naked eye due to its small size and faint brightness.
Though the departure marks the end of this temporary encounter, scientists have confirmed that the mini-moon will return for another brief visit in January.
NASA’s plans for a closer look
When 2024 PT5 returns in January, it will pass within 1.8 million kilometers (1.1 million miles) of Earth. NASA plans to use a radar antenna located in California’s Mojave Desert to observe the asteroid during its close approach.
The radar will provide valuable data on the asteroid’s size, shape, and composition. After its close flyby, the asteroid will continue its journey through the solar system and is not expected to return to Earth’s vicinity until 2055.
A fragment of the Moon?
Since its discovery, scientists have speculated about the origins of Asteroid 2024 PT5. Some NASA researchers believe it might be a fragment of Earth’s Moon, potentially dislodged by an ancient impact and now coincidentally returning to Earth’s orbit.
Characteristics and classification
Asteroid 2024 PT5, measuring approximately 33 feet in diameter, belongs to the Arjuna asteroid group. These secondary asteroids follow Earth-like orbits around the Sun, maintaining an average distance of 150 million kilometers (93 million miles).
NASA’s Asteroid Terrestrial-Impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) first spotted the asteroid, categorizing it as a temporary satellite of Earth.
Understanding mini-moons
Mini moons, or temporarily captured orbiters, typically interact with Earth in two distinct ways:
- Long-term captures: These occur when an asteroid completes one or more revolutions around Earth, with the engagement lasting months or years.
- Short-term captures: Smaller asteroids, like 2024 PT5, often experience brief visits lasting days to a few months without completing a full orbit around Earth.
While such encounters are rare, they offer valuable opportunities for scientific study and inspire excitement among space enthusiasts worldwide.
Asteroid 2024 PT5’s brief journey around Earth serves as a reminder of the dynamic and ever-changing nature of our solar system. With its return just weeks away, astronomers are already preparing for another close look at this fascinating celestial visitor.