Classification Based on Recent Research
The World Health Organization’s (WHO) cancer agency, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), classified talc as “probably carcinogenic” to humans on July 5. This decision follows research linking talcum powder use to ovarian cancer.
Evidence and findings
IARC based its classification on “limited evidence” of talc causing ovarian cancer in humans, “sufficient evidence” of its link to cancer in rats, and “strong mechanistic evidence” indicating carcinogenic effects in human cells. While numerous studies have shown increased rates of ovarian cancer in women using talc on their genitals, IARC noted the possibility of contamination with asbestos in some studies, complicating definitive conclusions.
Public exposure and industry impact
Talc is widely used in baby powder and cosmetics, with significant exposure occurring during mining, processing, and product manufacturing. Despite its natural origin and global use, concerns persist about its safety. Kevin McConway, a statistician at the UK’s Open University, cautioned that IARC’s classification does not specify conditions under which talc could cause cancer, highlighting the limitations of observational studies in proving causation.
Recent research corroborates risks
A study published on May 15 in the Journal of Clinical Oncology found a link between genital talcum powder use and ovarian cancer, especially with frequent or prolonged use. Ovarian cancer, often undetected until advanced stages, poses significant treatment challenges and risks. Researchers from the National Institutes of Health examined the association between intimate care products and female hormone-related cancers, reinforcing concerns about talc’s potential dangers.