Like Charles Darwin did in 1831, a group of scientists and environmentalists set sail from the English port of Plymouth last year, heading for the Galapagos Islands off the coast of Ecuador.
However, their arrival last month revealed a vastly different scene compared to what Darwin observed during his 1835 visit, which was crucial to developing his theory on natural selection.
The Galapagos is now a protected area, part of a marine reserve, and a World Heritage Site, yet it faces increasing threats from pollution, illegal fishing, and climate change.
Among those observing the challenges was botanist Sarah Darwin, carrying a well-thumbed copy of her great-great-grandfather’s “On the Origin of Species.”
“I think probably the main difference is that, you know, there are people working now to protect the islands,” the 60-year-old told AFP, onboard the “Oosterschelde,” a refurbished, three-mast schooner built more than 100 years ago.
The ship has been on a scientific and awareness-raising expedition since last August, stopping in the Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Brazil, Chile, and other locations.
Sarah Darwin first visited the Galapagos in 1995
In colonial times, the islands, located in one of the world’s most biodiverse regions, were a pit stop for pirates who caught and ate the giant turtles that call it home.
During World War II, the archipelago hosted a US military base. “I think if (Darwin) were able to come back now and see the efforts that everybody is making, both locally and globally, to protect these extraordinary islands and that biodiversity — I think he’d be excited and impressed,” the naturalist’s descendant told AFP.
Sarah Darwin first visited the Galapagos in 1995, where she illustrated a guide to endemic plants. She then dedicated herself to studying native tomatoes.
She also mentors young people as part of a project to create a group of 200 Darwin “heirs” to raise awareness about environmental and climate threats to the planet.
Calling at several ports on the journey from Plymouth to the Galapagos, the Oosterschelde took on new groups of young scientists and activists at each stop and dropped off others.
One of them, Indian-born Laya Pothunuri, who joined the mission from Singapore, told AFP the Galapagos “has a very important place in scientific terms.”
She was there to improve the irrigation systems in the islands’ coffee-growing regions.
“I plan to do it using recycled plastic, which also, again, is a big problem over here,” she said, noting that plastic waste ends up being consumed by wildlife.
A study by the Charles Darwin Foundation found that giant turtles in the area were ingesting harmful materials
In the Galapagos, the expedition members worked with researchers from the private Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), the Charles Darwin Foundation,, and the NGO Conservation International on both confronting invasive species and protecting endemic ones.
Last year, a study by the Charles Darwin Foundation found that giant turtles in the area were ingesting harmful materials due to human pollution.
Samples revealed that nearly 90 percent of the waste consumed was plastic, eight percent was fabric, and the rest was metal, paper, cardboard, construction materials, and glass.