Record-Breaking Heat in the U.S. Poses Severe Health Risks
The U.S. is on track to break heat records this year, putting millions of Americans at risk for severe, long-term health problems, particularly in the South and Southeast. States including Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, Oklahoma, Texas, Virginia, and the Carolinas are under heat warnings this Labor Day due to extreme temperatures, as reported by the National Weather Service.
Health risks of extreme heat
Extreme heat can be dangerous for people of all ages, but those with chronic health conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, and kidney disease are especially vulnerable. These conditions, which are prevalent in states like Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and South Carolina, make it harder for the body to regulate temperature, increasing the risk of heat-related illnesses.
Dr. John Sherner, chair of medicine at MedStar Washington Hospital Center, notes that individuals with chronic conditions are more susceptible to heat because their bodies struggle to cool down effectively. High heat and humidity strain the body, causing blood vessels to dilate to release internal heat, which in turn puts additional pressure on the heart.
Impact on healthcare systems
The rising temperatures are putting significant strain on healthcare systems, particularly in Southern states where there is a high prevalence of chronic health issues. Dr. Joanne Skaggs from OU Health University of Oklahoma Medical Center reports an increase in heart failure cases and patients experiencing dehydration and dizziness, adding further stress to an already strained healthcare system.
In severe cases, such as a couple in Las Vegas who suffered kidney failure after their air conditioning broke, the consequences of prolonged exposure to high heat can be life-threatening.
Ongoing heat wave challenges
Heat waves are becoming more frequent and intense. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) reported 2023 as the hottest year on record, with a 77% chance that 2024 will exceed it. Kimberly McMahon, public program manager at NOAA’s National Weather Service, emphasizes the need for better preparedness and response to heat-related health risks.
Tips for staying safe in extreme heat
- Hydration: Drink plenty of water and continue to hydrate even when you think you have had enough.
- Recognize Symptoms: Be aware of signs of heat-related illnesses such as cramping, muscle spasms, dizziness, headaches, weakness, nausea, and confusion, which may require medical attention.
- Seek Cool Environments: If you lack access to air conditioning or other cooling methods, seek assistance.