Illinois researchers discover a surprising link between Covid-19 and cancer regression
In a groundbreaking study, scientists at Northwestern Medicine Canning Thoracic Institute have uncovered an unexpected connection between severe COVID-19 infections and the body’s ability to combat cancer. Their findings suggest that the same immune response activated by severe COVID-19 could be harnessed to fight cancer, opening a potential new frontier in cancer treatment.
Special immune cells with anti-cancer properties
The study, led by Dr. Ankit Bharat, chief of thoracic surgery at the institute, identified a unique immune cell type known as “inducible nonclassical monocytes” (I-NCMs). These cells, triggered by the SARS-CoV-2 virus’s RNA molecules, were found to possess remarkable anti-cancer properties.
“This discovery opens up a new avenue for cancer treatment,” said Dr. Bharat. “We found that the same cells activated by severe COVID-19 could be induced with a drug to fight cancer, and we specifically saw a response with melanoma, lung, breast, and colon cancers in the study.”
How do these cells combat cancer?
I-NCMs differ from typical immune cells called nonclassical monocytes. While regular monocytes patrol blood vessels for threats, they cannot penetrate tumor sites due to the lack of specific receptors.
“In contrast, the I-NCMs created during severe COVID-19 retain a unique receptor called CCR2,” Dr. Bharat explained. “This receptor allows them to travel beyond blood vessels and infiltrate the tumor environment. Once there, they release chemicals that recruit the body’s natural killer cells, which swarm the tumor and directly attack cancer cells, shrinking the tumor in the process.”
Promising results and next steps
The study, recently published in The Journal of Clinical Investigation and funded by the National Institutes of Health, demonstrated the effectiveness of these cells in animal models. While the findings are still in their early stages, the potential for translating them into a clinical setting is promising.
“What makes these cells so special is their dual capability,” Dr. Bharat said. “This approach could be further developed using small molecules, potentially creating a new path for cancer patients who have exhausted traditional treatment methods.”
Years away from clinical application
Although this discovery offers hope, much more research is needed before these findings can benefit patients. The next step involves conducting clinical trials to determine safety and effectiveness in humans.
“This offers hope that we might be able to use this approach to benefit patients with advanced cancers that have not responded to other treatments,” Dr. Bharat noted.
Cancer’s ongoing toll
Cancer remains a leading cause of death in the United States, with over 611,000 deaths projected this year alone. Lung cancer accounts for a significant share of these fatalities. This study could signal a new chapter in the fight against this devastating disease, offering a glimmer of hope for millions battling advanced and resistant forms of cancer.
As research continues, the unexpected link between COVID-19 and cancer regression may pave the way for revolutionary treatment options, proving that breakthroughs can emerge from even the most challenging circumstances.