The term hikikomori was coined in Japan in the 1990s to describe young adults who had withdrawn from society and remained isolated in their homes for extended periods. Hikikomori is not recognized as a clinical diagnosis but is rather a social phenomenon that affects people of all ages.
Several factors have contributed to the high prevalence of hikikomori in Japan. The country's highly competitive and demanding education system is one of the key factors. Many young people in Japan face intense academic pressure to succeed in school and secure good jobs, leading to high levels of stress and anxiety.
The consequences of hikikomori can be severe, both for individuals and for society as a whole. Hikikomori can lead to social isolation, a lack of employment opportunities, and financial hardship. It can also result in mental health issues such as depression and anxiety disorders.