Genetic Inheritance
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Color blindness often occurs due to genetic defects that affect photopigments in our eyes. The X chromosome that holds these color vision genes doesn't function optimally, leading to issues with seeing color.
Congenital Defects
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People can be born with imperfect eye structures, which messes up the growth of certain cells in the eye
Acquired Causes: Injury or Disease
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Trauma or certain medical conditions can result in acquired color blindness. Injuries to the eye or head, as well as diseases affecting the optic nerve or retina, can compromise the proper functioning of the color-sensitive cells.
Age-Related Changes
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Aging can impact various aspects of vision, including color perception. The lens of the eye may become yellow over time, impacting the way colors are perceived.
Medication-induced colour blindness
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Certain medications, particularly those used in the treatment of neurological disorders, can induce color vision deficiencies as a side effect.
Chemical Exposure
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Exposure to specific chemicals, either in the environment or workplace, can lead to color blindness.
Systemic diseases
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Some illnesses, like diabetes and sickle cell anaemia, can affect the blood vessels feeding the retina.
Neurological Disorders
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Central nervous system problems like multiple sclerosis or Alzheimer's disease can show visual signs.